Inflammation and Repair 1 Outline (part-3) In Pathologic Basis Of Disease

11 - Brain, purulent inflammation, Haemophilus influenzae meningitis - Gross

Foci of white-tan purulent exudate are evident over the surface of the brain (acute meningitis).

12 - Brain, purulent inflammation, abscess - Gross, coronal cut surface

The destructive nature of the acute inflammatory reaction in the case of an abscess is apparent here.

13 - Larynx and trachea, pseudomembranous inflammation, diphtheria - Gross, cut and mucosal surfaces

• Epiglottis
• Pseudomembranous exudate in larynx
• Carina

The pseudomembrane is made up of a fibrinopurulent exudate combined with necrotic mucosa. It has a relatively tough consistency and, in this case, has caused suffocation.

14 - Colon, pseudomembranous inflammation, colitis caused by clindamycin - Gross, mucosal surface

Prolonged treatment with antibiotics can destroy the balance of normal intestinal flora, allowing overgrowth of Clostridium difficile. C difficile causes a pseudomembrane similar to that caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae in the larynx. Notice the rubor (vascular congestion) in the background.

15 - Uterine cervix, chronic cervicitis - Very low power (Glass slide 131)

• Columnar mucosa of endocervix
• Area of chronic inflammation
• Cyst
• Squamous mucosa of ectocervix

Use this image for orientation. The chronic inflammation imparts a bluish hue to the stroma, though it is not well visualized at this power. A cyst has formed as a result of obstruction of an endocervical gland.

16 - Uterine cervix, chronic cervicitis - Medium power (Glass slide 131)

• Lymphoid follicle

A higher power view of the chronic inflammatory infiltrate reveals a lymphoid follicle, an indicator of chronic inflammation.

17 - Uterine cervix, chronic cervicitis - High power (Glass slide 131)

• Plasma cells

This high-power view demonstrates the mononuclear infiltrate typical of chronic inflammation. A mononuclear infiltrate typically consists of lymphocytes, plasma cells, and macrophages.

18 - Gallbladder, chronic cholecystitis and cholelithiasis - Gross, opened

• Gallstones removed from gallbadder lumen

In this case, cholelithiasis has led to chronic inflammation of the gallbladder with consequent fibrosis of the gallbladder wall, evidenced by thickening and firmness.

 

19 - Liver, chronic inflammation, postnecrotic cirrhosis - Gross, cut surface

Secondary to a prior episode of severe hepatitis, fibrosis has developed in this liver, altering its architecture.

20 - Spleen, granulomatous inflammation, sarcoidosis - Gross, cut surface

Granulomas are scattered diffusely throughout the splenic parenchyma. Sarcoidosis, a disease of unknown etiology, causes characteristic noncaseating granulomas in many tissues and organs (including the lung, lymph nodes, and spleen).